中國國務院副總理馬凱和英國財政大臣菲利普·哈蒙德于2017年12月16日在北京共同主持了第九次中英經濟財金對話。雙方歡迎中英建立大使級外交關系45周年，重申推動構建中英面向21世紀全球全面戰略伙伴關系，深化戰略經濟合作，促進雙邊貿易投資，深化中英金融合作關系。第九次對話成果涵蓋范圍廣泛，雙方在宏觀經濟政策、貿易、投資、金融、產業戰略、“一帶一路”和第三方市場等領域合作取得積極進展。雙方就深化經濟財金合作、為中英關系“黃金時代”注入新動力達成一系列新共識：

　　一、宏觀經濟形勢和政策

　　1.當前全球經濟繼續復蘇，但增速低于危機前水平，仍面臨諸多不穩定不確定因素。中英雙方將繼續密切合作，并與其他各方一道，加強宏觀經濟政策協調，完善全球經濟治理，推動實現全球經濟強勁、可持續、平衡和包容增長的共同目標。

　　2.英方贊賞中國共產黨第十九次全國代表大會成功舉行，歡迎十九大報告聚焦于提高經濟增長質量，期待與中方加強具體合作，以實現共同經濟利益。英方歡迎并支持中國經濟轉型升級取得的成效及所做的不懈努力，特別是為確保中國經濟更具可持續的中期基礎所做的努力。中方承諾繼續深化供給側結構性改革，包括逐步淘汰過剩產能和降低杠桿率，努力發展具有更高質量、更高效率、更強動力的現代化經濟，推動經濟持續健康發展。英方期待中方采取進一步措施，使市場在資源有效配置中更多發揮決定性作用，確保在中國注冊的外國公司受到平等對待。

　　3.雙方同意深化專業分享與合作，建立新的聯合專家小組，就宏觀經濟和財政政策等議題開展溝通交流。

　　4.雙方共同致力于應對全球經濟面臨的重大挑戰。雙方重申對以規則為基礎的國際經濟體系及作為這一體系支柱的國際經濟組織的承諾。雙方承諾繼續通過二十國集團（G20）這一國際經濟合作主要論壇開展密切合作。雙方致力于落實G20杭州峰會和漢堡峰會成果，構建開放型世界經濟，支持多邊貿易體制，推動結構改革、數字經濟、可持續發展、國際金融體系改革、基礎設施投資、反腐敗等領域國際合作，以實現全球經濟為所有人服務的目標。

　　5.雙方承諾推動落實《二十國集團落實2030年可持續發展議程行動計劃》。雙方同意通過定期交流等形式就落實可持續發展議程加強協調合作，支持聯合國在國際發展合作中發揮重要作用，并承諾在各自能力范圍內，為發展中國家落實可持續發展議程提供支持和幫助。

　　6.中英雙方致力于采取持續行動，并通過各自行動和雙邊合作保持應對氣候變化的全球政治推動力。雙方強調其對于根據包括公平、共同但有區別的責任和各自能力原則，考慮不同國情，全面、有效和及時履行《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》及其《京都議定書》和《巴黎協定》的最高政治承諾。雙方重申對于在2018年完成關于落實《巴黎協定》工作方案的承諾，并將平衡推進工作方案所有要素。雙方強調2020年前的實施和力度非常重要，以及加大2020年前的力度可為加大2020年后的力度奠定堅實基礎。

　　中英雙方決定進一步推進政策和措施，以有效實施各自國家自主貢獻。加速行動將為所有國家提供經濟轉型、增強競爭力和實現清潔能源更廣泛社會經濟效益的重要機會。

　　中英雙方致力于打造其在氣候變化議程方面的重要雙邊合作，包括綠色金融、排放權交易、碳捕集利用和封存，以及低碳能源轉型。雙方認同極端天氣事件頻率和劇烈程度的增加，以及危險的氣候變化給人類生命和生存帶來的風險，決定合作建設適應力，增進對相關風險的理解，并打造更強行動范例。

　　7.雙方同意在多邊稅收領域緊密合作，打擊跨國逃避稅、防止稅基侵蝕和利潤轉移。雙方繼續支持執行G20關于促進國際稅收透明度的標準，包括自動情報交換。雙方將繼續為研究制定經濟數字化的稅收規則貢獻力量，共同創造公平透明的國際稅收環境。

　　8.雙方支持世界銀行集團（以下簡稱“世行”）按照既定原則完成實施2015年股權審議。雙方歡迎世行前景展望，期待在所有領域取得進一步進展，包括更好地服務所有客戶群體，并將國際復興開發銀行的資源優先投向世界上最需要資金和獲得市場資本機會最小的地區。

　　9.雙方支持強勁、以份額為基礎、資源充足的國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）在全球金融安全網中發揮中心作用，支持IMF推動份額改革、研究更廣泛使用SDR的可能性等完善國際貨幣體系的努力。雙方期待在2019年春會前完成第十五次份額總檢查，最晚不晚于2019年年會。雙方重申，份額分配應提高有活力經濟體的份額占比，以反映其在世界經濟中的相對地位，因此可能的結果是新興市場和發展中國家的份額占比整體提高。

　　10.雙方歡迎亞洲基礎設施投資銀行（以下簡稱“亞投行”）2017年取得的重要進展，包括貸款業務的增長以及在全球范圍吸收更多新成員。雙方將繼續加強在亞投行框架下的全方位合作和伙伴關系，為此，英方高興地宣布已與亞投行簽署“捐款協議”，正式承諾向亞投行“項目準備特別基金”捐款5000萬美元，與中方承諾金額相同。英方將與中方以及亞投行一道，確保特別基金高效運作，促進亞投行業務迅速覆蓋低收入國家。雙方將與其他成員一道，立足亞投行戰略重點，充分借鑒現有多邊開發銀行的良好做法和經驗，打造亞投行自身優勢和特色，支持治理結構和業務創新，不斷提升機構能力，共同將亞投行打造成21世紀新型多邊開發銀行。雙方重申對亞投行共同愿景的承諾，期待亞投行2018年繼續擴大業務規模，提升國際影響力。

　　11.雙方支持巴黎俱樂部作為官方雙邊債務重組的主要國際論壇繼續吸納更多新興債權國參加。中方將繼續常態性參加巴黎俱樂部會議，包括進一步探討潛在的成員身份。

　　12.雙方同意利用英國新多年期繁榮基金中國項目提供的機遇，支持經濟可持續發展和共同繁榮，鼓勵該基金助力深化雙邊合作、貿易和投資。

　　二、貿易和投資

　　13.雙方認識到開放型世界經濟以及反對貿易和投資保護主義將帶來巨大利益。雙方重申支持以世貿組織為核心、以規則為基礎、透明、開放、包容和非歧視的多邊貿易體制。雙方愿共同努力，堅定維護世貿組織核心價值和基本原則：

　　（1）支持英國順利過渡，按照自身減讓計劃轉型為完全獨立的WTO成員，確保對中英貿易關系的影響降到最低。

　　（2）雙方認識到加入政府采購協定（GPA）將給成員帶來互利。中方歡迎英國脫歐后繼續保留GPA成員身份的意愿，英方歡迎中國適時加入GPA的意愿。

　　（3）雙方重申解決全球鋼鐵行業產能過剩問題的重要性，歡迎全球鋼鐵產能過剩論壇于2017年11月30日形成的一份包含具體政策措施的實質性報告。雙方承諾繼續參與全球鋼鐵產能過剩論壇，致力于解決導致產能過剩的深層次問題。

　　（4）雙方認可在中英標準化合作委員會框架下工作取得的進展，同意在目前的合作項目基礎上，在新的創新性領域拓展進一步合作機會。

　　14.雙方同意強化貿易和投資伙伴關系，增加雙向貿易和投資，創造就業和增長，推動經濟發展惠及全體人民。雙方承諾改善市場準入，為雙方企業提供平等待遇和透明營商環境。2018年起，中國將舉辦中國國際進口博覽會，中方歡迎英國企業來華參展參會，雙方可借此機會進一步開拓新的貿易增長點。

　　15.英國將致力于平穩有序地過渡到與歐盟建立新型關系，并加強與包括中國在內的主要合作伙伴的雙邊關系。英國經濟強勁的基本面確保了經濟中期增長，加上良好的貿易投資環境，這將繼續向合作伙伴和投資者提供確定性。中方希望英國同歐盟關系實現平穩過渡，期待看到繁榮、穩定、開放的英國和歐洲。

　　16.英方歡迎中方在服務業等領域放寬市場準入的努力，并歡迎中方承諾提供平等待遇和保持開放。中方注意到英方發布脫歐立場文件和貿易關稅白皮書。雙方同意加強貿易和投資政策合作。雙方將：

　　（1）通過中英經貿聯委會（JETCO）加強雙邊貿易關系合作，包括正在進行的關于市場準入和商業環境政策的討論、在中英經濟財金對話層面的高層討論以及在其他高層對話中的政策討論。

　　（2）歡迎在JETCO框架下的貿易工作組會議（12月15日）討論未來貿易關系，在符合雙方對歐關系基礎上，就深化雙方合作的機遇和領域等開展聯合研究。

　　17.雙方同意加強中國服務業開放的相關合作：

　　（1）就中國服務業繼續開放，以及在《服務業創新發展大綱（2017-2025）》等框架下就中國服務業發展交換意見；

　　（2）通過即將在JETCO下召開的服務貿易工作組等其他論壇，深化就此問題的討論。

　　18.雙方承諾開展兩用物品出口管制雙邊對話，以更好便利和鼓勵雙邊高技術貿易。

　　19. 在平等互利原則下，雙方財政部將通過組織互訪和培訓、開展知識與經驗分享、推動項目合作與中英兩國企業間的務實合作等方式，繼續深化雙方政府和社會資本合作（PPP）。雙方歡迎奧雅娜工程顧問公司（ARUP）與武漢市、成都市共同在中國開發滿足融資條件的基礎設施項目，吸引國際投資和專業力量參與項目實施。

　　20. 雙方認識到為消費者提供高質量、安全食品的重要性。雙方理解英方高度重視其向中國出口牛肉的問題。雙方認可目前已取得的進展，同意就此問題在技術層面保持溝通。中方將按既定路線圖于2018年春季派遣專家赴英開展現場評估。

　　21.雙方認識到數字經濟對全球貿易的重要性，雙方同意：

　　（1）通過中英互聯網圓桌會等方式加強關于數字經濟及相關規則的部長級對話。

　　（2）雙方強調公開、透明地制定網絡安全相關政策和標準的重要性，并將在網絡安全人才培養、宣傳和教育領域加強合作與交流。

　　（3）認識到數字經濟尤其是電子商務是促進更廣泛包容性經濟增長的重要動力，雙方同意通過制定現代且有雄心的數字條款，確保數字經濟在全球貿易框架中得以有效體現。

　　22.認識到中英兩國作為跨國投資目的地的吸引力，以及高質量雙向投資對促進經濟增長和創造就業的重要性，雙方同意：

　　（1）認可投資的經濟價值并承諾深化雙邊投資關系，按照達成一致的原則擴大和深化中英投資伙伴關系，包括：減少和明確投資限制；保護投資者和確保國內外企業公平競爭；保持公開坦誠的對話。

　　（2）就JETCO下中英雙邊投資工作組合作條款達成一致，明確最有利于促進雙向投資合作的相關機遇。

　　（3）繼續支持推進達成有雄心的中歐投資協定。

　　（4）雙方同意繼續遵守《G20全球投資指導原則》，營造良好、開放的投資與營商環境。中方歡迎英方承諾在脫歐后繼續實施開放、公平、透明的投資政策，切實保護在英外國投資者的利益。英方歡迎中國承諾實行高水平的貿易和投資自由化便利化政策。

　　（5）雙方同意繼續共同推進欣克利角C核電站項目。

　　23.中華人民共和國海關總署和英國皇家稅務與海關署重申致力于執行關于海關事務的合作與行政互助的諒解備忘錄，交換包括情報、風險、風險趨勢、風險分析指標等信息，以預防、發現、打擊、調查違反海關法的行為，并互相反饋成果。雙方將：

　　（1）重申致力于打擊煙草制品非法貿易，將通過采取政策措施及有效的國際合作應對非法煙草貿易引發的全球性問題。

　　（2）計劃簽署執法合作行動議定書，作為2015年諒解備忘錄的附件，促進情報和信息交換，打擊涉嫌與海關相關的瞞騙行為。

　　（3）利用雙邊執法合作渠道獲得并交換涉嫌與海關相關的犯罪證據。

　　（4）共同為中英企業提供國家稅收和海關立法領域的政策指導，為包括電子商務在內的貿易創造合法、合規、透明、便利的環境。

　　（5）雙方將與英國邊境部隊管理局合作，繼續加強執法合作，打擊各種形式的走私。雙方重申支持安全智能貿易航線試點項目和“經認證的經營者”互認，推進關際合作。

　　（6）通過人員和經驗交流，加強風險布控合作。

　　三、金融服務

　　24. 雙方認識到中英兩國擁有不可比擬的金融伙伴關系，并致力于深化和擴大這一關系。中方認識到，鑒于倫敦的歷史、市場深度和全球人才，其將繼續保持世界領先的全球金融中心地位，并將繼續成為中國金融服務合作的重要伙伴。

　　雙方歡迎兩國監管機構繼續合作，并歡迎英格蘭銀行卡尼行長和中國人民銀行周小川行長共同主持首次聯合研討會，就中英監管合作、宏觀審慎框架、金融穩定、綠色金融等議題開展討論。

　　（1）雙方繼續支持中英金融服務戰略規劃的實施。中方歡迎并支持英國多年期繁榮基金金融服務項目，支持雙方加強在監管改革、市場發展和開放等領域的經驗分享。

　　（2）為落實中國共產黨第十九次全國代表大會關于進一步擴大對外開放的相關部署，中方決定將單個或多個外國投資者直接或間接投資證券、基金管理、期貨公司的投資比例限制放寬至51%，上述措施實施三年后，投資比例不受限制；將放寬對中資銀行和金融資產管理公司外資單一持股不超過20%、合計持股不超過25%的持股比例限制，實施內外一致的銀行業股權投資比例規則；三年后將單個或多個外國投資者投資設立經營人身保險業務的保險公司的投資比例放寬至51%，五年后投資比例不受限制。英方歡迎上述承諾，期待有關審批條件和落實時間表的更多細節。

　　中方認識到英國金融服務企業在上述領域的優勢，以及其更多進入中國市場為雙方帶來的互利。中方歡迎并鼓勵英國金融企業盡早利用中國擴大開放帶來的機遇，在中國投資和擴大業務。

　　25.雙方同意在相互尊重主權和法律法規前提下，加強兩國監管部門間的監管合作與經驗分享，包括：

　　（1）雙方銀行業監管機構將繼續完善定期磋商機制，進一步促進雙方在跨境監管方面的密切交流合作。雙方將在跨境支付監管合作以及行為監管和消費者權益保護領域深化交流合作，包括行為監管框架與工具、第三方金融糾紛解決機制、金融知識普及與教育、消費者保護績效評估與評價體系以及與金融科技相關的消費者保護等。

　　（2）雙方同意加強中英反洗錢監管合作與信息交流。中國人民銀行與英國金融行為監管局將進一步加強監管合作，積極推動簽署雙邊反洗錢和反恐融資監管合作協議。

　　（3）雙方同意在相互尊重對方主權和國內法律的基礎上推進審計監管合作，并在審計工作質量監管方面致力于達成雙邊信息交換合作協議。

　　（4）雙方同意進一步加強期貨和場外衍生品市場監管合作和經驗分享，積極推動開展雙方衍生品領域業務交流與培訓研究，鼓勵英方機構投資者參與中國特定品種期貨交易。

　　（5）雙方保險業監管機構將進一步加強監管合作、技術交流和經驗分享，并就有關技術問題和共同關心的監管事項召開監管聯席會議。

　　（6）雙方同意就貨幣防偽技術加強交流合作。

　　銀行業

　　26.雙方繼續支持各自銀行在對方國家擴大投資經營，鼓勵兩國銀行通過深化跨境合作持續推動“一帶一路”倡議：

　　（1）雙方承諾加強信息分享，以推動中國有關終止凈額結算制度的研究，包括中國銀監會、中國銀行業協會與亞洲證券業和金融市場協會、國際掉期與衍生工具協會共同牽頭建立中英凈額結算工作組。

　　（2）英方歡迎中投公司在倫敦設立分支機構的努力，支持倫敦金融城在“一帶一路”倡議中發揮積極作用。

　　（3）雙方歡迎英國審慎監管局和金融行為監管局的決定，授予中國農業銀行在倫敦開設分行的牌照。雙方歡迎中方機構繼續提交在英設立分支機構和附屬公司的申請，英國審慎監管局、金融行為監管局和中國銀監會承諾共同努力確保對所有申請開展高效審查。

　　（4）英方歡迎中國銀行業協會倫敦辦公室開業，并承諾與該協會加強合作，進一步深化中英銀行業聯系。

　　（5）英方歡迎中方承諾向外國企業開放國內銀行卡清算市場，歡迎外商獨資或合資的電子支付服務供應商申請銀行卡本地清算牌照。

　　資本市場

　　27.中方重申支持人民幣進一步國際化，繼續探索深化雙多邊資本流動渠道，并利用倫敦市場無可比擬的深度和流動性支持人民幣使用以及中國企業在倫敦融資：

　　（1）中英雙方歡迎“滬倫通”相關操作性制度與安排的研究與準備工作取得的進展。雙方同意進一步深入研究兩地符合條件的上市公司以存托憑證的方式到對方市場掛牌上市，以實現兩地市場的互聯互通。雙方歡迎中英監管機構在“滬倫通”框架下就跨境證券監管執法合作、會計準則與審計監管達成相關合作安排。雙方同意加快推進準備工作，適時審視啟動“滬倫通”的時間安排。

　　（2）雙方歡迎倫敦證券交易所集團“精英計劃”（Elite）和深圳證券交易所“燧石星火”（V-Next）之間簽署聯盟合作協議，促進英國、歐洲和中國創新型企業的跨境資本形成。雙方支持在北京和深圳舉行首屆商業路演活動，便利英國和歐洲公司與中國投資者群體溝通。

　　（3）英方歡迎中國債券市場向國際投資者開放并啟動“香港—上海債券通”。雙方歡迎中國銀行間市場交易商協會（NAFMII）、國際資本市場協會（ICMA）和倫敦金融城成立國際工作組，就債券市場開放和發展加強研究與合作。

　　（4）雙方同意就中英債券市場互聯安排啟動工作組并開展可行性研究，以推動更大規模的債券市場雙向投資。

　　（5）雙方同意在金融市場基礎設施監管領域加強交流與合作。

　　（6）雙方認可在中國債券市場實現投資者群體多元化的重要性。英方歡迎中方給予匯豐銀行在中國銀行間債券市場牽頭承銷熊貓債的資格，并歡迎中方決定進一步給予符合條件的英國銀行同類業務資格。

　　（7）基于倫敦作為全球融資中心的強大實力、在發展創新債務產品方面的悠久歷史以及其全球領先的離岸人民幣中心地位，雙方歡迎中資發行體加強在倫敦發行包括綠色債券在內的全類別金融工具。

　　（8）中方將繼續推進改革，完善合格境內機構投資者（QDII）額度管理制度，包括加強國內監管機構之間的協調。

　　（9）除國家規定實施準入特別管理措施外，中方同意不對上市公司外資股比進行其他限制，無論是單個境外投資者股比，還是全部境外投資者股比。

　　28.雙方鼓勵英國機構投資者積極參與中國銀行間市場交易及相關服務。中方將進一步完善合格境外機構投資者（QFII）和人民幣合格境外機構投資者（RQFII）制度，鼓勵更多英國投資者投資包括債券市場在內的中國資本市場。中方歡迎英國優質企業在中國債券市場發行熊貓債券。

　　29.雙方歡迎NAFMII和ICMA繼續在已簽署的合作框架文件（MOU）框架下深化相關合作。

　　資產管理

　　30.雙方認可英國作為全球第二大資產管理中心的地位，中方歡迎英國企業進入并支持中國國內市場發展：

　　（1）雙方歡迎英國金融行為監管局與中國證監會的交流溝通，以增進雙方對彼此資管行業和相關監管制度的相互了解，雙方同意啟動基金互認可行性研究，以深化該領域的合作。

　　（2）中國證監會歡迎英仕曼集團備案發行私募基金產品，也歡迎元盛資產管理公司、施羅德集團、安本標準投資公司以私募基金管理人身份在中國證券投資基金業協會登記備案。中國證監會歡迎瀚亞資本在上海申請設立外商獨資的投資管理公司。

　　（3）中國證監會歡迎符合《私募投資基金監督管理暫行辦法》規定條件的外商獨資私募基金管理人申請私募基金業務。雙方同意深化監管和商業合作，進一步探索英國私募基金管理公司在中國開展業務的機會。

　　（4）雙方同意加強合作，探索符合條件的外資企業更多地參與境內和跨境托管業務。中方歡迎符合條件的英資銀行在華申請托管牌照。中方將審視相關監管規定，適當考慮外資機構境外母公司的資產狀況。

　　（5）兩國政府支持另類投資管理協會（AIMA）與中國證券投資基金業協會（AMAC）在2014年簽署的合作諒解備忘錄（MOU）框架下開展合作，就資本市場和資產管理行業開展教育和研究類項目合作。

　　保險和養老金

　　31.雙方認識到外國企業參與中國保險市場以促進中國金融普惠及增進中國個人、家庭和企業金融韌性的價值。

　　（1）雙方致力于在本國和全球提升災害保險水平。中方歡迎英方出臺新的保險連結型證券監管框架，英方歡迎中方成立災害風險管理與巨災保險研究中心，以及中國國務院開展的災害保險試點項目。雙方承諾共同探討開展產品研發，并擇機就中資機構在倫敦發行巨災債券以降低風險事進行可行性分析。

　　（2）保監會同意根據新的市場情況和行業數據，對信用風險因子進行重新評估和校準，并提供機會征求包括在華外資保險公司在內的業界意見，以更加客觀地衡量境內外再保險交易對手違約風險的差異。

　　（3）英方歡迎中國保監會盡早積極考慮恒安標準人壽商業養老保險牌照申請。人力資源和社會保障部將依據中國法律法規對該公司年金牌照市場準入申請予以積極考慮。

　　（4）中國保監會歡迎英國佰仕富人壽再保險有限公司在上海設立代表處。

　　（5）雙方同意深化健康保險合作，中方鼓勵符合條件的專長健康保險業務的英國保險機構在中國設立健康保險公司。

　　（6）英方歡迎中方修改保險資金境外投資法規以拓寬境外投資范圍的計劃。

　　（7）雙方歡迎中國全國社會保障基金理事會與英國保險和養老資產管理行業開展密切合作，通過包括公共養老基金海外資產配置等方式，分享資產配置和管理方面的專業知識。

　　人民幣國際化

　　32.雙方共同支持人民幣國際化，認同倫敦在支持人民幣全球使用，促進中國國內資本市場國際化進程中發揮的關鍵作用。雙方同意2018年在倫敦共同舉行中英人民幣國際化對話，以加強倫敦作為西方人民幣中心的重要地位，鼓勵擴大人民幣在國際市場的使用。

　　33.雙方同意繼續推進中英跨境人民幣業務，支持在中英兩國貿易和投資中使用人民幣計價結算。雙方同意進一步發揮英國人民幣清算行作用，繼續推動倫敦離岸人民幣市場發展。中方歡迎更多的英國當地銀行和金融市場基礎設施加入人民幣跨境支付系統。

　　金融服務峰會

　　34.雙方歡迎由英方中國市場咨詢小組和中方中英金融創新顧問小組共同主辦的首次中英金融服務峰會取得的成果。雙方同意考慮并推動落實首次峰會提出的建議，鼓勵兩國企業進一步深化合作，加強伙伴關系，以落實中英金融服務戰略規劃。

　　金融科技

　　35.雙方歡迎去年對話達成的中英金融科技橋相關成果已取得的落實進展，包括英國金融行為監管局和中國人民銀行合作分享金融科技監管知識和經驗，并致力于深化伙伴關系以便利中英企業進入對方市場：

　　（1）雙方歡迎就英國金融行為監管局“監管沙盒”深化合作交流以規范金融科技，并將在中國探索機會發展相似的機制以確保國內外企業享有安全的市場準入和有效的監管。

　　（2）雙方歡迎上海清算所與倫敦資本市場金融科技企業R5就共同推出跨境外匯清算解決方案達成一致。雙方歡迎World First公司在上海設立辦公室及外商獨資企業。人民銀行歡迎World First公司申請支付業務許可后依法合規從事跨境支付業務。

　　36.雙方期待在“中英金融科技橋”框架下繼續加強監管合作，促進金融科技企業間的交流。為推動兩國金融科技企業和非銀行支付機構依法合規開展業務，雙方將加強關于跨境非銀支付業務的雙邊監管合作和信息共享。雙方同意加強金融科技領域研究合作，歡迎英國金融行為監管局與中國人民銀行啟動金融科技借調計劃，第一步是派遣一名英國金融行為監管局員工來華，與中國人民銀行在金融科技領域開展密切合作。雙方將在數字貨幣研究方面加強合作。同時，雙方將在中英金融服務峰會框架下，進一步完善金融科技和監管科技創新對話機制，推動雙方監管部門和企業間的交流合作和共同發展。

　　綠色金融

　　37. 雙方在綠色金融資本籌集、產品創新和思想引領方面互為主要合作伙伴。中英雙方在推動全球綠色金融發展方面發揮著引領作用，包括在中國和德國擔任二十國集團（G20）主席國期間擔任G20綠色金融研究小組聯合主席。雙方承諾加強在該領域合作，促進商業機構更多參與可持續金融體系的發展。

　　38.雙方支持由中國金融學會綠色金融專業委員會和倫敦金融城綠色金融倡議組織共同發起成立的中英綠色金融工作組所開展的工作。作為該工作組2018年工作計劃的一部分，在中國人民銀行、英國財政部、英格蘭銀行以及其他中英機構的共同支持下，中英綠色金融工作組將就以下議題開展合作：牽頭討論針對中英投資者的“一帶一路”投資環境風險管理的自愿準則；研究推動綠色資產證券化的措施；鼓勵兩國金融機構參照氣候相關金融信息披露工作組（TCFD）的建議開展環境信息披露工作試點；開展分析以展示環境、社會與治理（ESG）與財務表現之間的正相關性。

　　39.雙方支持綠色債券市場發展，鼓勵中英優質企業跨境發行綠色債券。中方歡迎英國機構投資者投資中國綠色債券市場。

　　40.中方歡迎綠色投資集團在北京設立代表處，歡迎該集團與中方合作伙伴開展合作，分享綠色金融專業知識。

　　四、基礎設施和能源

　　41.雙方繼續支持中英基礎設施聯盟在各自市場及第三方市場加強基礎設施商業合作中的關鍵平臺作用。雙方認可在中英基礎設施學院框架下圍繞基礎設施和城市更新議題成功開展的兩期課程，并歡迎于2018年就能源和鐵路議題推出新一輪課程。

　　42.雙方將繼續就高鐵項目開展緊密合作，對中英鐵路聯合工作組正在開展的合作，包括今年7月在青島舉行的工作組會議取得的進展表示歡迎。為推動中英鐵路合作取得實效，2018年中國國家發展改革委將與英國交通運輸部在英國舉行中英鐵路聯合工作組第四次會議。雙方將重點推動中方參與英國高鐵2號線（HS2）二期項目進展，推動鐵路發展規劃信息、法律法規、鐵路建設、設計、裝備供應、技術服務合作以及第三方市場合作，繼續發揮工作組平臺作用，加強信息共享，促進中英務實合作取得進展，并共同努力推動雙方在第三方市場合作，發揮互補優勢，開展國際項目合作。

　　43.雙方重申能源合作是中英全球伙伴關系的核心組成部分之一。雙方歡迎2017年能源對話取得的成果。雙方通過啟動“中英清潔能源伙伴關系行動計劃”重申并擴展發展清潔能源的承諾。雙方將在商定的框架內努力落實合作伙伴關系，提高合作水平。中英兩國具有互補優勢，一致同意雙方開展互利政策和商業合作的重要性，包括：

　　（1）清潔技術，包括海上風能、民用核能；

　　（2）支持以電代煤、以氣代煤，支持天然氣發展；

　　（3）市場改革，包括天然氣和電力行業；

　　（4）推動發展未來能源技術，包括低碳運輸和智能電網技術；

　　（5）中英在國際能源治理領域的合作，包括在“創新使命”下的相關承諾。

　　44.中方認可英國在電力市場改革、設計和價格監管領域的先進經驗。英方贊賞中國輸配電價改革取得的顯著進展。雙方歡迎2017年舉行的輸配電價監管和電力市場改革交流活動方面取得的積極成效，同意探討雙方在上述領域的更多合作機會。雙方將探討加強合作的行動計劃，分享在輸配電價、電力市場和可再生能源價格改革等領域經驗。

　　45.雙方重申2015年10月習近平主席訪英期間雙方發表的《關于加強兩國民用核能一攬子合作的聯合聲明》的重要性，承諾在進一步擴大核能利益、減少核能風險方面尋求合作機會。

　　雙方認識到在核安全監管合作領域建立互利共贏合作關系的重要性，同意進一步加強兩國核安全監管機構之間的合作，推進落實《中華人民共和國國家核安全局與大不列顛與北愛爾蘭聯合王國核監管辦公室關于在和平利用核能領域開展安全監管合作及信息交流的安排》，并建立核安全合作指導委員會會議機制。

　　46.雙方歡迎英國核監管當局啟動對“華龍一號”的通用設計評審（GDA）。雙方同意盡快采取切實措施在有效、及時處理所有與核燃料、核設備及核技術出口相關的出口管制申請及政府承諾方面加強互利合作，雙方同意未來將在此領域達成諒解備忘錄。雙方同意充分利用核電廠多國設計評價機制（MDEP）內的“華龍一號”工作組開展合作，并將本著公開透明的原則在工作組內就“華龍一號”相關技術信息與監管經驗加強交流。

　　47. 雙方愿在遵循兩國政府資助監管規定、與兩國政府提出的市場民用核能研究優先領域一致以及雙方都可接受的知識產權安排的前提下，聯合開展民用核能研究。

　　48.雙方認識到廢物管理及退役對核能行業可持續發展具有重要意義。雙方認識到英國在核廢物管理及退役方面的經驗對支持中國核工業發展具有潛在意義。雙方歡迎相關企業在核燃料循環后端開展的商業合作并再次強調對于2014年簽署的《關于加強核工業燃料循環全產業鏈合作的諒解備忘錄》的支持。雙方認識到兩國在這一領域具有各自獨特經驗，鼓勵在共贏基礎上開展進一步商業合作。中方愿與英方積極開展核設施退役和去污合作，包括在中英兩國市場以及第三方市場尋找商業機遇。

　　49.雙方一致認為中英能源對話與民用核能工作組有效促進了雙方民用核能各領域合作，歡迎對話及工作組最近一次會議取得的成果。雙方認識到在中英兩國和第三國發展進一步互利商業伙伴關系的潛力。

　　50.英方歡迎中方對英國大陸架油氣生產和退役以及對英國煉油業的既有和未來投資。雙方同意在中英及第三方市場繼續合作，以降低石油和天然氣供給成本，提高生產效率。

　　51.雙方認識到中英聯合海上風電行業咨詢小組（以下簡稱“咨詢小組”）的重要性，同意就落實2017年10月咨詢小組第三次會議所提出的優先領域開展交流。雙方歡迎中國三峽公司近期對英國海上風電資產的投資。雙方支持中方對英方海上風電場及其供應鏈開展進一步投資，為英國公司參與中國海上風電項目提供機會，并探討在英國開展渦輪測試和示范項目。

　　52. 包括中國國家開發銀行在內的中國機構投資者在基礎設施領域擁有豐富融資經驗，愿積極支持清潔能源、高鐵等領域的中英合作項目，包括英國欣克利角核電站、HS2、英國電動汽車充電基礎設施基金等項目。

　　五、產業戰略

　　53.中方歡迎英國的新產業戰略，認識到其為深化中英經濟伙伴關系提供的機遇。雙方認識到合作、共享全球挑戰、互學互鑒的直接經濟效益，同意以上述協同效應為基礎探索圍繞英國產業戰略五大主題（創意、人力、基礎設施、商業環境、地區）開展合作的機會。

　　54.雙方歡迎中國國家發展和改革委員會與英方開展的經濟增長與合作部長級交流所取得的成效。今年12月，雙方在北京舉行了第六次部長級交流，就雙邊投資、區域合作和產業戰略等領域議題進行了深入交流。

　　55.認識到國際合作在研究創新領域的重要性，雙方重申將致力于踐行在2017年12月6日中英高級別人文交流機制第五次會議期間發布的中英科技創新合作戰略。雙方同意在科學、創新和技術領域進一步開展研究和產業合作。雙方在研究與創新橋計劃框架下的15個產學研合作項目順利實施，歡迎由英國創新署與江蘇、上海、廣東建立的產業創新基金，這將推動兩國創新合作。

　　56.雙方同意開展合作，支持京津冀協同發展。雙方歡迎2017年中國東北及其他老工業基地與英方合作取得的進展，并在2018年進一步開展合作，推動創新驅動型經濟發展，培育發展新動能。雙方將繼續支持討論城市更新合作試點和老工業區改造等合作。雙方將繼續通過中英（大連）先進制造區等項目的發展推進中國東北部工業城市轉型，通過創新和職業教育等領域的能力建設和技術交流共享最佳實踐。

　　57. 中國工業和信息化部與英國商業、能源和產業戰略部將圍繞《中國制造2025》和英國產業戰略開展合作，鼓勵雙方開展交流與對話。作為一個良好的開端，今年7月，雙方在倫敦就綠色制造業創新開展了富有成效的對話，同意建立機制，進一步尋找該領域產業與研究合作的機會。

　　58.雙方視可持續城鎮化為促進增長、解決污染問題、提高國民生活質量的推動力，并確認雙方在此領域合作的重要性。雙方歡迎并承諾將善用包括正在開發的英國多年期繁榮基金在內的資金項目共同設計開展一系列活動以推動此領域的目標達成。

　　雙方鼓勵城市、商業以及研究機構在開發執行上述活動時發揮積極作用，以推動中英雙方建立長期合作機制，合作共創綠色、智慧、包容性未來城市。雙方歡迎中國城市和小城鎮改革發展中心與英國未來城市機構在其2016年3月簽署的諒解備忘錄基礎上進一步深化合作。

　　59. 英方歡迎新能源汽車的發展并將繼續與中國制造商合作設計和開發用于中國以及世界各地的新能源汽車，以減少碳排放的影響。雙方同意就超低排放車輛技術開展合作，就兩國實現零排放運輸、充電基礎設施投資和發展英國超低排放車輛供應鏈進行持續對話，以加快這些車輛的制造和供應。雙方同意，特別對小產量制造商，市場準入應該對各方保持開放和平等。

　　60.雙方已同意進一步擴大航權安排，將中英間航班運力額度增加至每周150班。

　　61.雙方同意根據中國國家航天局與英國航天局簽署的航天合作諒解備忘錄繼續指導并推動兩國航天合作，支持繼續利用中英空間科學與技術聯合實驗室平臺推動雙方合作。雙方同意先行成立高層工作組，以制定中英未來5年的航天合作線路圖，指導中英后續航天合作。

　　62.雙方支持兩國航天機構探索通過英國國際伙伴項目等方式共同為發展中經濟體提供衛星應用服務。

　　63.雙方認識到加強在農業遙感、空氣質量監測等空間應用領域的合作將有利于促進航天科技應用于經濟社會領域，同意在中英牛頓基金框架下推動農業遙感、空氣質量監測等項目合作。雙方支持空間科學領域的合作，推動中英兩國研究機構在中歐合作的框架下開展“太陽風—磁層相互作用全景成像衛星”的研制工作。雙方贊賞在中英空間科學與技術聯合實驗室合作框架下成功舉辦“第二屆空間科學教育與研究活動周”，并對第12屆中英空間科學與技術合作研討會上成立的中英空間教育與文化中心表示祝賀。

　　64.雙方認識到知識產權在促進技術創新、經濟增長、貿易投資方面的重要作用。雙方將在知識產權領域進一步深化合作，包括：

　　（1）共同努力，繼續為兩國知識產權制度的用戶和公眾提供更好服務。雙方同意加強知識產權合作，幫助雙方企業保護和實施知識產權。雙方認識到年度中英知識產權研討會取得了良好效果。2018年中英知識產權研討會將在中國舉行，將進一步促進兩國企業、研究人員和政策制定者之間的對話。

　　（2）同意就改進專利和外觀設計、生物技術/藥物等優先技術領域的知識產權、專利審查高速公路（PPH）以及提高兩國知識產權申請效率的工作分享機制等保持溝通交流。

　　（3）國家工商總局與英國知識產權局將在2018年繼續執行商標領域雙邊合作諒解備忘錄。雙方將繼續就商標和地理標志的審查和執法交換意見。雙方將就如何保持商標審查的質量和一致性，以及打擊商標惡意申請分享經驗。

　　（4）雙方重視在版權領域的多雙邊合作，并將繼續就數字環境下的版權執法、著作權集體管理等共同關心的問題進行交流。雙方認識到中英在對方國家收取版權集體管理版稅方面存在潛在增長空間，將繼續支持集體許可制度在中國的發展，并敦促中英兩國版權權利所有人以及廣播電臺、電視臺依照各自法律及時履行義務。

　　（5）雙方將繼續推動打擊網絡盜版工作及合作，以更多更好地惠及中英兩國版權權利所有人。雙方將進一步就搜索引擎和手機應用等網絡版權保護開展經驗交流。

　　（6）雙方歡迎中英兩國產業更新電子商務和社交媒體知識產權保護倡議，并將繼續提供適當支持，以實現營造更有利的知識產權環境的共同目標，提升電子商務消費者信心。特別是，雙方歡迎中小企業友好通知—移除機制、更有效的線上外觀設計權利保護、基于大數據的有力預防措施以及線上線下執法無縫銜接措施等方面已開展的業務。雙方同意在互聯網領域打擊侵權假冒方面就跨境執法合作與交流加強雙邊合作。雙方將于2018年初舉行跨境執法協調會。

　　65.雙方將深化衛生領域合作：

　　（1）繼續落實2016年簽署的中英衛生合作諒解備忘錄，重點開展衛生政策、醫學科研、全球衛生等領域合作。

　　（2）繼續實施中英全球衛生支持項目，共同支持2030可持續發展目標。合作改善全球衛生治理，應對衛生緊急狀況，通過加強監測、數據共享等方式增強全球抗擊傳染病的能力。

　　（3）歡迎中方發布《關于深化審評審批制度改革鼓勵藥品醫療器械創新的意見》，包括考慮在海外多中心獲得的臨床試驗數據。

　　（4）繼續保持和加強在化妝品動物替代實驗，包括研究、開發、驗證等方面的雙邊交流，通過人員交流和培訓等適當渠道和方式就化妝品動物替代試驗相關研究、政策法規及技術方法的發展應用進行交流，并歡迎在化妝品安全風險評估方面繼續開展研討。

　　六、“一帶一路”和第三方市場合作

　　66.雙方同意在“共商、共建、共享”基礎上加強 “一帶一路”倡議有關合作。英方歡迎今年5月在北京舉行的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇。雙方期待就“一帶一路”倡議的進一步合作機會加強官方交流與對話。

　　雙方認同中英兩國基礎設施建設能力的協同效應，同意充分發揮彼此優勢，利用好英國在諸多領域的專業優勢，特別是融資、PPP、保險、綠色金融以及圍繞國際基礎設施項目的成功設計與實施所需的法律及專業顧問服務等。雙方將合作促進相關建設成果的商業、環境與社會可持續。

　　雙方將加強在基礎設施互聯互通、裝備制造、金融、投資等方面的務實合作，并探討在“一帶一路”沿線開展第三方市場合作，在中英面向21世紀全球全面戰略伙伴關系框架下打造積極可持續的貿易、經濟發展和安全成果。

　　67.雙方同意基于通過討論與合作實現共同增長的原則，落實《“一帶一路”融資指導原則》，推動“一帶一路”倡議下的投融資合作：

　　（1）雙方同意鼓勵開發性和政策性金融機構發揮積極作用，共同推動中國國家開發銀行、進出口銀行、絲路基金、英國國際發展部就發展融資開展合作。

　　（2）雙方鼓勵兩國金融機構探索“一帶一路”倡議相關商業機會。雙方歡迎包括倫敦、上海及香港在內的兩國金融中心在“一帶一路”倡議中發揮積極作用。

　　（3）雙方同意在“一帶一路”倡議下，支持中英兩國企業在第三方市場合作并共享實踐經驗。雙方歡迎中非發展基金與英國國際發展部（DFID）聯合中國國際貿易促進委員會（CCPIT）、聯合國國際貿易中心（ITC）于2018年四季度在中國召開中英對非投資論壇。

　　（4）雙方同意鼓勵私營資本參與“一帶一路”投資，圍繞吸引私營資本投資“一帶一路”項目的相關機制開展可行性研究。

　　（5）雙方同意鼓勵中英兩國開展更大范圍的商業合作，鼓勵各自使館、商業部門和商業機構開展三方合作。

　　（6）根據《“一帶一路”融資指導原則》要求，雙方強調應加強對融資項目社會環境影響的評價和風險管理，重視節能環保合作，履行社會責任，促進當地就業，推動經濟社會可持續發展。在動員資金時，應兼顧債務可持續性。

　　68.雙方同意在“一帶一路”項目發掘、研究和能力建設方面深化合作。

　　（1）雙方繼續認同中國“一帶一路”倡議和英國包括“英格蘭北部經濟中心”等區域發展戰略的協同效應，并致力于共同加強政策和項目合作。

　　（2）為落實中英“一帶一路”基礎設施領域項目合作，雙方同意共同發掘“一帶一路”試點項目，并建立潛在試點項目聯合發掘和評估機制。

　　（3）雙方同意聯合或各自開展“一帶一路”建設研究項目，相互交流共享研究成果。圍繞雙方優勢互補的重要合作領域，就“一帶一路”建設項目合作的機制、路徑和試點項目遴選標準開展研究，并在項目準備、融資、風險管理和標準等環節開展政策研究和能力建設，支持共建“一帶一路”倡議落實。

　　69.中方歡迎英國出口融資署宣布其有能力支持規模不高于250億英鎊的新增業務，以支持“一帶一路”亞洲項目。雙方歡迎英國出口融資署、中國出口信用保險公司和其他出口信貸機構間深化合作，探討和開發為兩國出口商共同參與的項目提供共同保險或再保險。英國出口融資署歡迎通過海外投資保險支持英國公司獲得“一帶一路”倡議下的潛在投資機遇。中國進出口銀行作為中國官方出口信用機構，長期致力于為基礎設施、能源、工業制造和產能等領域的合作提供融資支持，未來可支持中英企業共同開拓國際市場。

　　70. 雙方歡迎成立首期10億美元中英雙邊投資基金的提議。該基金將由中英機構牽頭，以商業化和市場化為基礎建立和運作。英國前首相戴維·卡梅倫也參與其中。基金將投資于中、英及第三方市場的創新、可持續和消費驅動型增長機會，以創造就業、促進貿易，支持 “一帶一路”倡議。

　　71. 雙方鼓勵中國國家開發銀行與英方探討建立相關投資基金的可能性，更好地促進中英兩國企業交流合作。

　　72. 包括倫敦金融城、英中貿易協會、City UK 和 London & Partners在內的英國私營領域機構將于2018年在英舉辦“一帶一路”論壇，展現英方在“一帶一路”基礎設施項目組織和融資方面的國際優勢地位，歡迎中方參加。

　　Policy Outcomes of the 

　　9th UK-China Economic and Financial Dialogue 

　　Chinese Vice Premier Ma Kai and the UK’s Chancellor of the Exchequer Phillip Hammond concluded the ninth UK-China Economic and Financial Dialogue on 16 December 2017, in Beijing. They welcomed the 45th anniversary of the establishment of UK-China Ambassadorial Diplomatic Relations and reiterated their commitment to foster a global comprehensive strategic partnership for the 21st Century, to deepen strategic economic collaboration, boost bilateral trade and investment and deepen financial links. The ninth dialogue marked wide ranging and positive progress in areas including macroeconomic policies, trade, investment, finance, industrial strategies, Belt and Road Initiative and third-party markets. The two sides reached a series of new agreements on deepening economic and financial cooperation and providing new impetus to the development of "Golden Era" of UK-China relations. 

　　Ⅰ. Macroeconomic Situation and Policy

　　1. The global economic recovery continues, but growth remains below pre-crisis levels and is still faced with many uncertain and unstable factors. Both sides will continue working closely together and with all international partners to strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination and improve global economic governance to achieve the shared goal of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive global growth. 

　　2. The UK side acknowledges the successful conclusion of the 19th CPC National Congress, welcomes the accompanying reports’ focus on improving the quality of economic growth, and looks forward to strengthening concrete cooperation with China to achieve mutual economic benefit. The UK side welcomes and supports China’s achievements and ongoing efforts in transforming and upgrading its economy, in particular efforts to place China’s economy onto a more sustainable medium-term footing. China commits to continue to deepen its supply-side structural reform; including phasing out excessive capacity and reducing leverage, and strives to develop a modernized economy with better quality, higher efficiency, and more robust drivers for a sustained and sound economic growth. As part of this, the UK looks forward to further steps to strengthen the role of the market in determining the efficient allocation of resources and to ensure all foreign companies registered in China will be treated equally.  

　　3. Both sides agree to establish deeper expertise sharing and cooperation through creating a new joint expert group that could exchange views on macro-economic and fiscal policies.  

　　4. The UK and China agree to work together to address major global economic challenges. Both sides reaffirm their commitment to the rules-based international economic system, and to the international economic organizations that underpin it. Both sides will commit to continue to work closely through the G20 as the premier forum for international economic cooperation. Both sides commit to implement the outcomes of the Hangzhou and Hamburg Summits, including building an open world economy, supporting the multilateral trading system, and promoting international cooperation in the areas of structural reform, digital economy, sustainable development, international financial architecture reform, infrastructure investment and anti-corruption, to deliver a global economy that works for everyone.  

　　5. Both sides commit to promote the implementation of the G20 Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Both sides agree to enhance coordination and cooperation, including through regular exchanges, in implementing the 2030 Agenda, support the United Nation’s important role in international development cooperation, and commit to provide, within their respective capabilities, support and assistance to developing countries in their implementation.  

　　6. The UK and China are committed to sustained action and to maintain global political momentum to combat climate change through respective actions and bilateral cooperation. The UK and China underline their highest political commitment to the full, effective and timely implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, in accordance with its principles including equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances. Both sides reaffirm their commitment to completing the work program related to the implementation of Paris Agreement by 2018, and advancing the work program in a balanced manner regarding all its elements. Both sides emphasize that pre-2020 implementation and ambition are very important and that enhanced pre-2020 ambition can lay a solid foundation for enhanced post-2020 ambition. The UK and China are determined to forge ahead with further policies and measures for the effective implementation of their respective nationally determined contributions.  Accelerating action will provide all countries with significant opportunities for transitioning their economies, enhancing competitiveness and securing the wider socio-economic benefits of clean energy. The UK and China have committed to build on their significant bilateral collaboration on the climate agenda including on green finance, emissions trading, carbon capture utilization and storage and the clean and low-carbon energy transition. Both sides recognize the increase in the frequency and severity of extreme weather events and the risks posed by dangerous climate change to people’s lives and livelihoods and undertake to collaborate to build resilience, understanding of those risks and the case for greater action. 

　　7. Both sides agree to maintain close cooperation in the field of multilateral taxation to combat cross-border tax evasion and avoidance and prevent tax base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). Both sides agree to continuously support the implementation of G20 standards for international tax transparency including automatic exchange of information. Both sides will continue to contribute to the study and formulation of taxation rules for digitalization of economy and work together to create a fair and transparent international tax environment. 

　　8. Both sides support the World Bank Group (WBG) to complete the implementation of 2015 Shareholding Review following the agreed principles. Both sides welcome the World Bank Group’s Forward Look and expect further progress in all areas, including better serving all client segments and targeting International Bank for Reconstruction and Development’s (IBRD) resources towards areas of the world that need funding most and have least access to capital.  

　　9. Both sides support maintaining a strong, quota-based and adequately resourced IMF to preserve its role at the centre of a strengthened global financial safety net, and support IMF's efforts to improve the international monetary system by promoting the quota reform and examining the possible broader use of the Special Drawing Rights (SDR). Both sides look forward to the completion of the 15th General Review of Quotas by the 2019 Spring Meetings and no later than the 2019 Annual Meetings. We reaffirm that a realignment of quota shares is expected to result in increased shares for dynamic economies in line with their relative positions in the world economy, and hence likely in the share of emerging market and developing countries as a whole.  

　　10. Both sides welcome the significant strides made by the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in 2017 as it has increased its lending activities and welcomed more new members from around the world. Both sides will continue to strengthen all-round cooperation and partnership on the AIIB. To this end, the UK is pleased to announce that it has signed a “Contribution Agreement” with the AIIB, formalising its commitment to provide $50m to the AIIB’s Special Fund for Project Preparation, matching China’s commitment of the same. The UK will work together with China and the AIIB to ensure that the Special Fund works effectively in enabling the AIIB to expand its operations quickly into less developed countries. Together with other members and consistent with the strategic priorities of the AIIB, both sides will draw upon good practice and experience of existing Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) to foster the AIIB's own advantages and specialties, support innovative governance and operations and continuously enhance institutional capability so as to jointly build the AIIB into a 21st century MDB. Both sides renew their commitment to this shared vision of the AIIB and look forward to the Bank continuing to grow its operations and international presence in 2018.  

　　11. Both sides support the ongoing work of the Paris Club, as the principal international forum for restructuring official bilateral debt, towards the broader inclusion of emerging creditors. China intends to continue its regular participation in Paris Club meetings, including further discussions on potential membership. 

　　12. The UK and China agree to work together to seize the opportunities presented by the UK’s new Multi-Year Prosperity Fund China Programme to support sustainable economic development and shared prosperity. Both parties encourage the Fund to enable further bilateral cooperation, trade and investment. 

　　II. Trade and Investment

　　13. China and the UK each recognise the huge benefits of an open world economy, and oppose trade and investment protectionism. Both sides reaffirm their support for the World Trade Organisation (WTO) as the central pillar of a rules-based, transparent, open, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, and will work together to preserve the core values and principles of the WTO. Both sides will: 

　　i. support the UK’s smooth transition to fully independent WTO membership with its own schedules of concessions, ensuring minimal disruption to the UK-China trading relationship. 

　　ii. recognise the mutual benefits to be derived from membership of the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA). China welcomes the UK's intention to maintain its participation of the GPA when it leaves the EU, and the UK welcomes China’s intention to join the GPA in due course. 

　　iii. reaffirm the importance of tackling global overcapacity in the steel sector, and welcome the substantial report with concrete policies and measures formulated by the Global Forum on Excess Steel Capacity on November 30, 2017. Both sides commit to continued engagement with the Global Forum, and continued efforts to tackle the underlying causes of overcapacity.  

　　iv. welcome the work done through the UK-China Standardisation Cooperation Commission and look forward to building on current programmes to explore further opportunities in new and innovative areas. 

　　14. Both sides agree to strengthen the trade and investment partnership to increase two way trade and investment, deliver jobs and growth, and support economies that work for everyone. Both sides commit to making concrete improvements towards equal market access and to giving businesses from both countries equal treatment through a transparent business environment.  

　　China will host the China International Import Expo starting from 2018 and welcomes the UK side to participate. Both sides can take this as an opportunity to further explore new growth areas of trade. 

　　15. The UK is committed to a smooth and orderly transition to a new relationship with the EU, and to strengthen bilateral links with key partners, including China. The UK will continue to provide reassurance and certainty to partners and investors, both on medium-term growth given the strong fundamentals of the UK economy, and on the trade and investment environment. China wishes a smooth transition of relations between UK and the EU, and expects to see a prosperous, stable and open UK and Europe. 

　　16. The UK welcomes China’s efforts to relax restrictions on market access including on services, and welcomes China’s commitments to equal treatment and opening up. China notes the publication of UK position papers and White Papers on trade and customs as the UK prepares to leave the EU. Both sides agree to strengthen trade and investment policy collaboration. Both sides will: 

　　i. set the ambition for the bilateral trade relationship through a strengthened Joint Economic and Trade Commission (JETCO), including ongoing discussions on market access and business environment policies, high level discussion at the EFD, and through policy discussions at other high-level dialogues. 

　　ii. welcome the meeting of the trade working group under the JETCO on December 15thto discuss the future trade relationship and undertake joint analysis on the opportunities and areas for further collaboration, consistent with both sides’ relationships with the EU.  

　　17. Both sides agree to enhance collaboration on the opening up of China’s services sector. Both sides will: 

　　i. exchange views on China’s plans to further open the services sector, and further develop it including under the Master Planfor Developingthe Services Sectorin an Innovative Manner (2017-2025). 

　　ii. utilise other forums for elevating our discussions on this issue including the Trade in Services working group to be held under the JETCO. 

　　18. Both sides commit to bilateral dialogue on dual-use export controls, so as to better facilitate and encourage bilateral high-tech trade. 

　　19. Based on the principles of equality and mutual benefit, China Ministry of Finance (MOF) and the HM Treasury (HMT) will continue to strengthen Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) cooperation by organizing mutual visits and training programs, sharing knowledge and experiences, and promoting project cooperation and practical cooperation between Chinese and British companies. Both sides welcome the collaboration of ARUP with Chinese cities including Wuhan and Chengdu to work together to develop bankable infrastructure projects in China and attract international investment and expertise into their delivery. 

　　20. Both sides recognize it is essential to give consumers access to high quality, safe food products. Both sides understand that UK gives high priority to the issue of its beef export to China. Both sides acknowledge the progress that has been made to date, and agree to maintain communication on this issue at the technical level. China will send experts to UK by spring 2018 for an on-site evaluation in line with an agreed roadmap. 

　　21. Both sides recognize the importance of the digital economy to global trade. 

　　i. Both sides agree to enhance dialogue on digital economy and relevant regulations at Ministerial level, for example via the China-UK Internet Roundtable. 

　　ii. Both sides stress the importance of an open and transparent approach to the formulation of cyber security-related policies and standards. Both sides agree to increase cooperation and exchanges on cyber security talent cultivation, publicity and education. 

　　iii. Both sides agree to ensure the Digital Economy is effectively represented in global trading frameworks through modern and ambitious digital provisions recognising that the Digital Economy, and E-Commerce in particular, is an important driver to wider economic, inclusive growth. 

　　22. Both sides recognize each country’s attractiveness as a cross-border investment destination and the importance of high quality two-way investment as a driver of economic growth and job creation.  Both sides will: 

　　i. broaden and deepen the UK-China investment partnership, based on agreed principles, recognising the economic value of investment and committing both sides to deepening the bilateral investment relationship, including through reducing and clarifying restrictions; protecting investors and ensuring level playing fields between domestic and foreign companies; and maintaining open and frank dialogues. 

　　ii. agree terms of reference for the China-UK joint investment working group previously agreed under the JETCO, identifying specific opportunities where cooperation would best enhance two-way investment. 

　　iii. continue to support progress towards an ambitious EU-China Investment Agreement.  

　　iv. continue to follow the G20 Guiding Principles for Global Investment Policymaking to maintain a favorable and open investment and business environment. China welcomes the UK’s commitment to maintain open, fair and transparent investment policies after Brexit to effectively protect the interests of foreign investors in the UK. The UK welcomes China’s commitment to adopt policies to promote high standard liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment. 

　　v. welcome the continuing progress on the construction of the Hinkley Point C project. 

　　23.The General Administration of China Customs and Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs reiterate their commitment to implementing the 2015 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Cooperation and Mutual Administrative Assistance in Customs Matters and to exchange information, including intelligence, risk and trend information and risk analysis indicators, with the aim of preventing, detecting, suppressing and investigating breaches of Customs Legislation and provide feedback on the outcome of intelligence, information and assistance provided. Both sides will: 

　　i. reiterate their commitment to eliminate the illicit trade in tobacco products and continue to take actions to tackle the global problem presented by illicit tobacco through policy measures and effective international co-operation and mutual assistance. 

　　ii. seek to agree an Operational Protocol to the 2015 MOU that will facilitate increased intelligence and information exchange on suspected customs related fraud.  

　　iii. utilize agreed bilateral legal instruments to secure and share evidence on suspected customs related crime. 

　　iv. cooperate to ensure the provision of guidance to Chinese and UK businesses in relation to appropriate national tax and customs legislation, to ensure the facilitation of a legitimate, compliant, transparent and enabling trading environment, particularly in the area of e-commerce. 

　　v. In partnership with the United Kingdom’s Border Force, both sides will continue to strengthen law enforcement cooperation to combat smuggling in all its forms.  All parties reiterate their support for cooperation through the Smart and Secure Trade Lane (SSTL) pilot project and the mutual recognition of Authorized Economic Operators (AEO) and will seek to advance seaport twinning cooperation. 

　　vi. strengthen cooperation on risk targeting and risk control through the sharing of expertise and officer exchanges. 

　　III. Financial Services 

　　Financial Regulatory cooperation 

　　24. Both sides recognize that China and the UK have an unparalleled financial partnership and commit to deepening and expanding that relationship. China recognizes that the City of London is and will continue to be the world’s leading global financial centre given its history, market depth and global talent and will remain China’s partner of choice on financial service collaboration. 

　　Both sides welcome the continued cooperation between the UK’s and China’s regulators and welcome the first meeting of the Bank of England and People’s Bank of China Joint Symposium, chaired by Governor Mark Carney and Governor Zhou Xiaochuan to discuss UK-China regulatory cooperation, macro-prudential frameworks, financial stability and green finance. 

　　i. Both sides continue to support implementation of the Strategic Plan. China welcomes and supports the UK’s Multi-Year Prosperity Fund Programme for Financial Services to support greater sharing of expertise between the UK and China on regulatory reform, market development and opening-up. 

　　ii. In an effort to implement the plans on opening China wider to the outside world as set out during the 19th CPC National Congress, China has made the following decisions: raise the cap on direct or indirect equity ownership by single or multiple foreign investors in joints ventures securities, fund management and futures companies to 51%,and there will be no equity cap limit on such investments three years after the implementation of aforementioned measures; ease the 20% cap on a single foreign investor’s stakes in Chinese banks and financial asset management companies and the 25% cap on multiple foreign ownership to apply the same rules of equity investment to domestic and foreign investors in the banking sector; and ease the cap on single or multiple foreign investors’ stakes in life insurance companies to 51% in three years and remove the cap in five years. The UK side welcomes this commitment and looks forward to further details on approval criteria and implementation timetable. 

　　China recognises the strengths of UK financial services companies across these sectors, and the mutual benefit in their greater engagement in the Chinese market. China welcomes and encourages UK financial firms to take early advantage of this opening up to invest and expand their operations in China. 

　　25. Based on the principles of mutual respect for each other’s sovereignty and laws and regulations, both sides agree to further strengthen regulatory cooperation and knowledge sharing: 

　　i. Banking regulatory authorities in China and UK will continue to improve the mechanism of having regular negotiations and dialogues to promote close communication and cooperation in cross-border regulation. Both sides seek to further strengthen communication and cooperation on cross-border payment supervision and conduct supervision and consumer protection, which include conduct supervision frameworks and tools, financial ombudsman (the third-party dispute resolution) regime, financial literacy and education, evaluation for the performance of financial consumer protection as well as FinTech related consumer protection. 

　　ii. Both sides agree to promote cooperation on anti-money laundering supervision and information exchange. The People’s Bank of China and the Financial Conduct Authority will further strengthen supervisory cooperation and actively promote the signing of Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing cooperation agreement. 

　　iii. Both sides agree to promote cooperation on audit oversight based on mutual respect for each other's national sovereignty and domestic laws. Both sides also agree to progress towards a bilateral cooperation agreement on the exchange of information on the monitoring of the quality of audit work.  

　　iv. Both sides agree to further strengthen regulatory cooperation and experience sharing on futures and OTC derivatives markets, promote communication, training and research in derivatives markets, and attract UK institutional investors to trade in designated futures products in China. 

　　v. China and UK insurance regulatory authorities are willing to further intensify regulatory and supervisory cooperation, technical exchange and experience sharing and to jointly hold supervisory conference on technical matters and issues of shared supervisory interest.  

　　vi. Both sides agree to strengthen communication and cooperation on anti-counterfeit currency techniques. 

　　Banking 

　　26. Both sides continue to support increased presence and activity of Chinese banks in the UK and UK banks in China. Both governments encourage their respective banks to deepen cross-border collaboration to support the sustainable implementation of the Belt and Road. 

　　i. China and the UK commit to strengthen information sharing to promote the study on China’s close-out netting rules, including by establishing a UK-China Netting Working Group led byCBRC and China Banking Association (CBA) along with Asia Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (ASIFMA) and International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA). 

　　ii. The UK welcomes the China Investment Corporation's efforts to open its London office, supporting the City of London to play an active role under the Belt and Road Initiative. 

　　iii. Both sides welcome the Prudential Regulation Authority and Financial Conduct Authority's decision to authorise branch license for Agriculture Bank of China-London Branch. Both sides welcome the continuing interest by firms in submitting applications to establish branches and subsidiaries in the UK, and the commitment of the Prudential Regulatory Authority (PRA), Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) to work together to ensure an effective review of all proposals. 

　　iv. Both sides welcome the opening of the China Banking Association (CBA) London Office. The UK side commits to work with the CBA to further deepen UK-China banking ties. 

　　v. The UK welcomes China’s commitment to open its domestic bank card clearing market to foreign firms. Chinawelcomes wholly-foreign-owned or joint-venture suppliers of electronic payment services (EPS) to apply for bank card clearing licenses locally. 

　　Capital Markets 

　　27. China reaffirms its commitment to support further internationalization of the RMB, to continue exploring channels for enhancing bilateral and multilateral capital flows, and to leverage the unrivalled depth and liquidity of London’s markets to support RMB usage and Chinese firms to raise capital in London. 

　　i. Both sides welcome the progress that has been made on preparation for viable rules and arrangements for the implementation of the Shanghai-London Stock Connect, conducted by the London Stock Exchange and Shanghai Stock Exchange. Both sides agree to further research into realising the connect by listing on each other’s market depository receipts that represent shares from eligible issuers of listed companies in both markets. Both sides also welcome China and the UK regulators to work on mutually agreed regulatory arrangements on cross-border securities enforcement cooperation, accounting standards, and auditing supervision under the framework of the Shanghai-London Stock Connect. Both sides agree to accelerate the final preparations and to review, when conditions permit, the timeline for launching the London-Shanghai Stock Connect. 

　　ii. Both sides welcome the cooperation agreement between the London Stock Exchange Group ELITE Programme and Shenzhen Stock Exchange V-Next Alliance to facilitate cross-border capital formation in innovative sectors in UK, Europe and China. Both sides support the inaugural Commercial Road Show that will take place in Beijing and Shenzhen allowing UK and European based companies to forge links with the community of investors in China. 

　　iii. The UK welcomes the opening of China’s bond market to international investors and launch of the Hong Kong-Shanghai Bond Connect scheme. Both sides welcome the establishment by National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors (NAFMII), International Capital Markets Association (ICMA) and City of London of the International Working Group to promote research and cooperation on bond market opening and development.  

　　iv. Both sides agree to launch a working group and feasibility study to establish a UK-China bond market connect arrangement to help facilitate greater two-way investment into each other’s bond markets. 

　　v. Both sides agree to strengthen the communication and cooperation on regulation of financial market infrastructures.  

　　vi. Both sides recognize the importance of securing a more diverse investor base in China’s bonds markets. The UK welcomes China’s decision to grant HSBC a licence and its decision to grant further qualified British banks an underwriting licence to allow lead underwriting of panda bonds in the China interbank bond market. 

　　vii. Recognising London’s strength as a leading global centre for capital raising, its long history of developing innovative debt products, and its status as a leading offshore RMB centre, both sides welcome Chinese entities to strengthen their issuance of a full range of financing instruments including green bonds, in London. 

　　viii. China will continue to work towards reform to improve the management of the QDII quota system, including toharmonize the scheme across domestic regulators. 

　　ix. Except for the special administrative measures adopted by the state, China agrees not to put other restrictions on the foreign ownership limit, both for single investors and for all foreign investors in total, in listed companies.  

　　28. Both sides encourage the UK institutional investors to actively participate in the trading and related services in China interbank markets. China will further improve the QFII and RQFII schemes, and encourage UK investors to invest in Chinese capital markets, including the Chinese bond markets. China welcomes qualified UK companies to issue Panda Bonds in the Chinese bond markets. 

　　29. Both sides welcome the National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors (NAFMII) and the International Capital Market Association (ICMA) to further deepen cooperation under the framework of their MOU. 

　　Asset Management 

　　30. Both sides recognize the UK’s position as the world’s second largest asset management centre, and China welcomes UK firms to enter and support the development of China’s domestic market.  

　　i. Both sides welcome the communication between the FCA and CSRC to facilitate mutual understanding on asset management industries and regulatory regimes in both markets and agree to deepen cooperation in this area by launching a feasibility study on mutual recognition of funds. 

　　ii. CSRC welcomes Man Group’s registration of products as a private fund. The CSRC also welcomes the registration of Winton Capital, Schroders and Aberdeen Standard Investments with AMAC as Private Fund Managers. CSRC also welcomes the application from Eastspring Investment to establish an investment management WFOE in Shanghai. 

　　iii. CSRC welcomes foreign invested private fund management WFOEs to apply for private fund management business subject to meeting criteria as outlined in the private fund management regulations. Both sides agree to deepen regulatory and business engagement to explore further opportunities for UK private fund management business in China. 

　　iv. Both sides agree to strengthen cooperation and explore increased participation of qualified foreign firms in domestic and cross-border custodian business. China welcome qualified UK-invested banks in China to apply for custodian licence. China will review related regulations, including giving appropriate consideration to the parent company’s overseas assets.  

　　v. The UK government and China government support the Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA) and Asset Management Association of China (AMAC) to work together under MOU of AMAC and AIMA signed in 2014 and launch education program and research projects focusing on capital market and asset management industry.  

　　Insurance and Pensions 

　　31. Both sides recognize the value of participation of foreign firms in China’s insurance market to help increase financial inclusion and resilience of individuals, families and firms in China. 

　　i. Both sides are committed to enhancing disaster insurance protection domestically and worldwide. China welcomes launch of the new regulatory and supervisory framework for Insurance and Securities (ILS) in the UK, and the UK welcomes launch of China’s Institute for Disaster Risk Management and Catastrophe Insurance, and the State Council’s pilot disaster insurance zones. China and UK commit to jointly explore development of products, and assess feasibility of Chinese entities mitigating exposure via catastrophe bond issuances in London when time is proper. 

　　ii. CIRC agrees to review and calibrate credit risk factors based on updated market conditions and industry data, providing opportunity to consult industry, including foreign-invested insurance companies in China, in order to more objectively measure the differences between the off-shore and on-shore reinsurance counterparties default risk. 

　　iii. The UK welcomes CIRC’s early and positive consideration of Heng An Standard Life’s pensions licence application. China’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will give due consideration to an application by the firm for an annuities licence for market entry in accordance with China’s laws and regulations. 

　　iv. CIRC welcomes the Shanghai representative office opening by Pacific Life Re. 

　　v. Both sides agree to deepen cooperation on health insurance and China encourages qualified UK insurers specialised in health insurance to set up health insurance companies in China. 

　　vi. The UK welcomes China’s plans to revise overseas investment regulations for insurance funds to increase the scope of overseas investment.  

　　vii. Both sides welcome closer cooperation between the National Council for Social Security Fund (NCSSF) and the UK insurance and pensions asset management industry to share expertise on asset allocation and management, including through overseas allocation of public pension funds.  

　　RMB Internalization 

　　32. Both sides welcome the internationalization of the RMB and recognize London’s vital role in supporting global use of the RMB and facilitating international access to China’s domestic capital market. Both sides agree to jointly host a UK-China RMB Internationalisation Dialogue in London in 2018, to promote London’s premier role as a Western Hub for RMB and encourage greater use of RMB in international markets. 

　　33. Both sides agree to continue to promote the China-UK cross-border RMB business and support the use of RMB as the settlement currency in bilateral trade and investment. Both sides support the UK RMB clearing banks to fulfil their role to promote the development of the off-shore RMB market in London. China welcome qualified British commercial banks and financial market infrastructures to join CIPs. 

　　Financial Services Summit 

　　34. Both the UK and China welcome the outcomes from the first year of the UK-China Financial Services Summit, led by the UK’s China Market Advisory Group and China’s China-UK Financial Innovation Advisory Group. Both sides agree to consider and take forward recommendations from the Summit and encourage UK and Chinese business to further deepen their collaboration and partnership to help deliver the Strategic Plan. 

　　FinTech 

　　35. Both sides welcome the progress on the UK-China FinTech Bridge agreed at last year’s Dialogue including the collaboration between the FCA and PBOC to share experience and expertise on the regulation of FinTech, and commit to deepen this partnership to facilitate two-way market entry by UK and Chinese firms. 

　　i. Both sides welcome deeper cooperation and exchange on the FCA’s Sandbox approach to regulation of FinTech and will explore opportunities to develop a similar approach in China to ensure safe market access and effective regulation of domestic and foreign firms. 

　　ii. Both sides welcome the agreement reached between Shanghai Clearing House and R5, the London based Capital Market Fintech, and the Shanghai Clearing House, to create a Cross Border FX Clearing Solution. Both sides welcome the establishment of WorldFirst’s office and WFOE in Shanghai and the PBOC welcomes WorldFirst to apply for a payments licence and to conduct cross-border payments business in compliance with laws and regulations. 

　　36. Both sides expect to continue to strengthen regulatory under the framework of China-UK Fintech Bridge. To promote Fintech companies and non-bank payment institutions in both countries to conduct business in compliance with laws and regulations, both sides will strengthen bilateral regulatory cooperation and information sharing on cross-border non-bank payment business. Both sides agree to strengthen research and cooperation on Fintech and welcome the agreement between the FCA and PBOC to work toward beginning a Fintech secondee programme, beginning with sending an FCA secondee to China to work closely with the PBOC on Fintech. Both sides agree to strengthen cooperation on digital currency research. Both sides agree to further improve the communication mechanism on FinTech and RegTech innovation under the framework of China-UK Financial Services Summit, and promote communication, cooperation and common development between regulatory authorities and companies from the two countries. 

　　Green Finance 

　　37. The UK and China recognise each other as their primary partner in green finance for capital raising, product innovation and thought leadership. China and the UK have been jointly playing a leading role in driving global green finance development including through co-chairing the G20 Green Finance Study Group under the Chinese and German Presidencies. Both sides are committed to further work in this area to further develop the commercial drivers behind a more sustainable financial system. 

　　38. Both sides welcome the work of the China-UK Green Finance Taskforce, established by the Green Finance Committee of China Society for Finance and Banking and the Green Finance Initiative of the City of London. As part of its 2018 programme, the China-UK Green Finance Taskforce will, with support from the PBOC, HMT and Bank of England as well as other Chinese and UK actors to: lead the discussions on voluntary guidelines on green Belt and Road investment for Chinese and UK investors, research on measures to promote green asset securitisation in China and the UK, conduct pilot projects on environmental information disclosure consistent with the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations by financial firms in both countries, promote analysis to demonstrate a positive correlation between ESG and financial performance. 

　　39. Both sides support the development of Green Bonds Market, encourage the cross-border issuance of Green Bonds by qualified Chinese and British companies. China welcomes the British institutional investors to invest in the Chinese Green Bonds Market. 

　　40. The UK and China welcome the establishment of the Green Investment Group’s presence in Beijing and its collaboration with Chinese partners and regional investors to share green finance expertise. 

　　IV. Infrastructure and Energy

　　41. Both sides continue to support delivery of the UK-China Infrastructure Alliance as a key platform to enhance UK-China commercial cooperation in infrastructure in each other’s markets and in third countries. Both sides welcome the successful delivery of the first two courses under the UK-China Infrastructure Academy, on Infrastructure and Regeneration, and welcome the next round of courses on Energy and Rail in 2018.  

　　42. Both sides will continue to support closer cooperation on high-speed rail projects and welcome the ongoing collaboration through China-UK Joint Working group on Railway Cooperation including progress made at the working group meeting in Qingdao in July this year. To achieve concrete results on China-UK railway cooperation, NDRC and UK Department of Transport will hold the fourth meeting of the China-UK Joint Working group on Railway Cooperation in UK in 2018. The two sides will continue to promote China’s participation in the HS2 phase 2 projects, and deepen cooperation in multiple areas including information on railway development plans, laws and regulations, railway construction, design, equipment supply, cooperation on technical services and in third-party markets. Both sides will continue to work to develop the joint working group as a platform to strengthen information sharing, and promote progress in practical cooperation between China and the UK, and will work together in third-party markets where we can bring both countries complementary skills sets to deliver international projects. 

　　43. The UK and China reaffirmed that energy cooperation is a core element of the Global Partnership. Both sides welcome the outcomes of the 2017 Energy Dialogue. The UK and China renewed and expanded their commitment to clean energy, through the launch of an Action Plan for the UK-China Clean Energy Partnership (CEP). Within the agreed framework, each government will work to implement the Partnership, to raise the level of cooperation to deliver the CEP. The UK and China have complementary strengths and agreed the importance of mutually beneficial policy and commercial cooperation including on:  

　　i. clean Technology, including offshore wind, civil nuclear power. 

　　ii. supporting replacement of coal with electric power and gas, supporting natural gas development. 

　　iii. market reform, including in the gas and power sectors. 

　　iv. stimulating the energy technologies of the future, including low carbon transport and smart grid technologies. 

　　v. UK-China collaboration in international energy governance, including commitments under Mission Innovation. 

　　44. China recognizes the UK’s advanced experience in the power market reform, design and regulation. The UK welcomes the achievements China has made in the transmission and distribution price reform. The two sides acknowledge the effective results of the exchanges organized in 2017 on transmission and distribution price regulation and power market reform and agree to explore further opportunities for collaboration in this field. Both sides will discuss action plans to strengthen cooperation and share experience on the reforms of transmission and distribution price, electricity market and renewable energy prices. 

　　45. Both sides reemphasized the Statement of Cooperation in Civil Nuclear Energy signed during President Xi’s State Visit in October 2015. The two countries commit to seeking collaborative opportunities to further the benefits and mitigate the risks of nuclear power.  

　　Recognising the importance of building mutually beneficial and win-win cooperative relations in the field of nuclear safety regulation, both sides agree to further strengthen cooperation between nuclear safety regulators, to promote the implementation of Agreement for the Exchange of Information and Cooperation in the Safety Regulation of Nuclear Energy Use for Peaceful Purposes Between the National Nuclear Safety Administration of the People's Republic of China and the Office for Nuclear Regulation of Great Britain and to develop a steering committee meeting mechanism on nuclear safety cooperation. 

　　46. Both sides welcome the commencement of the Generic Design Assessment (GDA) for HPR1000 by the UK nuclear regulatory authorities. Both sides agree to enhance mutually beneficial cooperation on the efficient and timely processing of all export control applications and Government to Government Assurance requests relating to the export of nuclear materials, equipment and technology, taking practical steps to achieve this immediately, and in the longer term, with a view to agreeing a Memorandum of Understanding on this. Both sides agree to conduct cooperative activities by making full use of the HPR1000 Design-specific Working Group under the mechanism of Multilateral Design Program (MDEP), and to strengthen the communication on technical information and regulatory experience concerning HPR1000 within the Working Group based on the principle of openness and transparency. 

　　47. Both parties expressed a desire to support joint research in civil nuclear energy, compatible with Government funding regulations in both markets, government priorities for civil nuclear research in both markets, and mutually acceptable arrangements on the treatment of intellectual property. 

　　48. Both sides acknowledge the importance of waste management and decommissioning solutions to a sustainable nuclear energy sector. Both parties recognize the potential for UK experience in nuclear waste management and decommissioning to support China’s nuclear sector development. Both sides welcome the on-going commercial collaboration between companies in the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle and re-affirmed their support for the MoU Concerning Enhancing Cooperation in the Field of Civil Nuclear Industry Fuel Cycle Supply Chain signed in 2014. With their respective unique experiences in this field, both sides encourage further collaboration on win-win and commercial basis. China is willing to actively cooperate with the UK in the areas of decommissioning and decontamination of nuclear facilities, including participating in commercial opportunities in each other’s markets and in third-party markets together. 

　　49. Both sides agreed that the China-UK Energy Dialogue and the Civil Nuclear Working Group are effective mechanisms for promoting collaboration across the civil nuclear sectorbetween our two countries. Both sides welcomed the outcomes of the most recent meetings of the Dialogue and the Working Group. Both sides recognized the potential for further mutual beneficial commercial partnerships in the UK, China and third countries.  

　　50. The UK welcomed China’s existing and future investment into oil and gas production and decommissioning in the UK Continental Shelf, and into UK refining. Both parties endorsed continued collaboration in the UK, China and third-party markets to reduce costs in the oil and gas supply chain and increase production efficiency. 

　　51. Both countries acknowledged the importance of the Joint UK and China Offshore Wind Industry Advisory Groups. Both sides agree to support the implementation exchanges in priority areas outlined during the Offshore Wind Advisory Group’s third meeting in October 2017. The UK and China welcome China Three Gorges Corporation’s recent investment into UK offshore wind assets. Both countries agreed to support further Chinese investment into UK offshore wind farms and their supply chains, develop opportunities for UK companies to supply offshore wind projects in China, and explore turbine testing and demonstration projects in the UK. 

　　52. Building on their experience in infrastructure financing, Chinese Institutional Investors, including the China Development Bank will promote China-UK cooperation in the clean energy and high speed railway sectors, including such projects as Hinkley Point C, the envisaged High Speed 2 phase 2b project, , and UK’s electric vehicle charging infrastructure fund. 

　　V. Industrial Strategy

　　53. China welcomes the UK’s new Industrial Strategyand recognises the opportunities it presents for deeper UK-China economic partnership. Recognising the direct economic benefits of cooperation, shared global challenges, and opportunities to learn from one another’s experiences, both sides agree to build on these synergies and explore opportunities forcooperation across the five themes of the UK’s Industrial Strategy; Ideas, People, Infrastructure, Business Environment and Places.

　　54. Both sides welcome the achievements of the Ministerial Exchange between National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the UK. The two sides held the sixth Ministerial Exchange in Beijing this December, and had in-depth exchanges on bilateral investment, regional cooperation and industry strategy.  

　　55. Recognising the importance of international collaboration in research and innovation, both sides reaffirm their commitment to the UK-China Joint Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation Cooperation launched on 6 December 2017 during the UK-China High Level People to People Dialogue. Both sides agree to further develop research and industrial cooperation. Building on the successful cooperation of 15academia-industrial projects under the Research and Innovation Bridges programme, both countries welcome the three competitions organised and funded by Innovate UK and Jiangsu, Shanghai and Guangdong which will promote innovation cooperation.

　　56. The UK and China also agree to cooperate and support the Jing-Jin-Ji integration project. Both sides welcome the progress made in 2017 through cooperation between Northeast and other old industrial bases of China and will further cooperate in 2018 to generate innovation-driven economic development and new momentum for development. Both sides will continue to support further discussion on renewal cooperation pilots and transformation of old industrial areas. Both sides will continue to promote the transformation of industrial cities in Northeast China, in particular through the development of the UK-China (Dalian) Advanced Manufacturing Zone, sharing best practice through capacity building measures and technical exchanges on innovation, vocational education and other topics.

　　57. The UK Department for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) agree to explore areas of collaboration in the UK’s Industrial Strategy and China Manufacturing 2025, encouraging exchanges and dialogues. BEIS and MIIT conducted a fruitful dialogue on Green Manufacturing Innovation in London in July and agreed to establish a mechanism to further identify opportunities for industry and research cooperation in this area. 

　　58. The UK and China recognize the importance of working collaboratively in pursuing sustainable urbanization as an impetus to promote growth, tackle pollution, and improve the lives of ordinary citizens. We welcome and commit to support development of a set of activities to achieve that with support from funding schemes including the UK’s Multi-Year Prosperity Fund Programme in development. 

　　We encourage cities, businesses, and research institutes to play a driving role in conducting these activities in the context of building longer term UK-China collaboration on smart green and inclusive future cities. We welcome deepened collaboration between China Centre for Urban Development and the Future Cities Catapult including through implementation of the MOU signed between them in March 2016.  

　　59. The UK welcomes the advances in New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) and will continue to work collaboratively with Chinese manufacturers to design and develop NEVs for use in China and around the world to reduce the impact of Carbon emissions. Both sides agree to work collaboratively on Ultra Low Emission Vehicles (ULEV) technology, including through establishing an ongoing dialogue on achieving zero emission transport in both countries, investment in charging infrastructure, and through commitment to developing elements of the ULEV supply chain in the UK to facilitate the manufacture and supply of these vehicles. Both sides agree that particularly in the case of Small Volume Manufacturers (SVMs), access to markets should remain open and equal to all parties. 

　　60. Both sides agree to further expand air traffic rights arrangements by increasing the capacity entitlement to 150 flights per week between China and UK.  

　　61. Both sides agree to continuously guide and promote the China-UK space cooperation based on the MoU signed by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA), and utilise the China-UK Space Science & Technology Joint Laboratory as a platform to drive bilateral cooperation. Both sides agree to facilitate a steering work-group as a first step to formulate the China-UK space cooperation topics for the following five years as a guideline for bilateral cooperation in the future.  

　　62. Both sides support China and the UK space agencies to jointly support satellite application services for developing economies through examples such as the UK International Partnership Program (IPP). 

　　63. Both sides acknowledge that enhanced cooperation in the field of space applications such as agriculture remote-sensing and air-quality monitoring, will be beneficial to accelerate applications of space science and technologies in the social-economic areas. Both sides agree to promote cooperation projects under the framework of the China-UK Newton Fund. Both sides support the cooperation in the field of space science and promote research institutes in both countries to implement the Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) mission under the framework of China-ESA space cooperation. Both sides appreciate the successful holding of the 2nd China-UK Summer School of Space Education and Research under the framework of China-UK Space Science & Technology Joint Laboratory, and congratulate on the establishment of the China-UK Space Education and Culture Centre in the 12th China-UK Workshop of Space Science and Technology.  

　　64. The UK and China recognise the important role of intellectual property (IP) in promoting technological innovation, economic growth, trade and investment. Both sides will further deepen cooperation on IP, including:  

　　i. Working together to provide better services for users of IP systems and the general public in both countries. Both sides agree to strengthen IP cooperation, and help companies from both countries to protect and enforce IP. Both sides recognise the success of the annual UK-China IP Symposium. The 2018 UK-China IP Symposium will be held in China and will further promote dialogue between businesses, researchers and policymakers from both countries. 

　　ii. The UK and China agree to hold exchanges on improvements to the patent and design systems; IP in priority technology fields such as biotechnology/pharmaceuticals; and Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) and other work sharing mechanisms which improve efficiency for British and Chinese applicants that use both countries' IP systems.  

　　iii. The State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) and the UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) will continue to implement their bilateral Framework for Cooperation on trade marks in 2018. Both sides will continue to exchange views on examination and enforcement of trademarks and geographical indications (GI). The UK and China will further exchange experience of how to maintain quality and consistency of examination, and on tackling bad-faith trade mark applications.  

　　iv. Both sides attach importance to bilateral and multilateral copyright collaboration, and will continue to discuss and share information on issues of common concerns including copyright enforcement in the digital era and copyright collective management. Both sides recognise the potential to increase bilateral flows of copyright collective licensing royalties, and will support the development of collective licensing in China, and welcome further efforts to urge copyright owners and broadcasters to timely perform obligations in accordance with respective laws and regulations. 

　　v. The UK and China will continue to strengthen cooperation on combating online piracy to better serve the rights holders from both countries. The two sides will further exchange experiences on online copyright protection, including initiatives with search engines and mobile applications. 

　　vi. The UK and China welcome renewed UK-China industry initiatives on IP protection on e-commerce and social media platforms, and will continue to support these where appropriate, to achieve the shared goal of a more favourable IP environment which increases consumer confidence in e-commerce. In particular, the UK and China welcome efforts to develop SME-friendly notice-and-takedown mechanisms; more effective online protection for design rights; impactful preventative measures based on big data; and smoother links between on- and off-line enforcement. Both sides agree to further strengthen bilateral cooperation on cross-border law-enforcement cooperation and exchanges to combat online piracy and counterfeiting. A coordination meeting on cross-border enforcement will be held in early 2018.  

　　65. The UK and China will build deeper collaboration in health sector. Both sides will: 

　　i. continue to implement the China-UK MoU on Health Cooperation signed in 2016, prioritizing cooperation on health policy, medical science & research and global health. (NHFPC) 

　　ii. continue to implement the China-UK Global Health Support Program and support the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Both sides will collaborate to improve global health governance and the response to health emergencies, and work to increase global capacity to contain the spread of infectious diseases through better surveillance and data sharing.  

　　iii. welcome the Opinions on Deepening Review and Approval System Reform and Encouraging Drug and Medical Device Innovation issued by the Chinese side, including considering clinical trials data obtained in overseas multi-centres.  

　　iv. continue to maintain and strengthen bilateral exchanges on alternative methods to animal testing, including its research, development, and validation. Both sides will communicate with each other about the research progress, policies and regulations and the development and application of related technologies and methods of alternative methods to animal testing through appropriate channels including personnel exchanges and trainings and welcome continued discussions on cosmetics safety risk assessment.  

　　VI. Belt and Road Initiative and Cooperation in Third-party Markets

　　66. Both sides agree to strengthen cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative on the basis of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits.UK welcomes the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing in May this year. The two sides look forward to strengthening official exchanges and dialogue on opportunities for further cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. 

　　Both sides recognise the synergies between China’s and UK’s capabilities around the delivery of infrastructure, and agree to give full play to their respective strengths and utilise UK’s expertise in many areas, in particular in financing, public-private partnership, insurance, green finance and legal and professional advisory services for the successful plan and implementation of international infrastructure projects. Both sides will cooperate to promote outcomes which are commercially, environmentally and socially sustainable. 

　　Both sides will enhance concrete cooperation in areas such as infrastructure connectivity, and equipment manufacturing, finance, investment, and explore cooperation in third-party markets along the Belt and Road routes in order to foster positive and sustainable trade, and economic development and security outcomes under the framework of the China-UK global comprehensive strategic partnership for the 21st century. 

　　67. Based on the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, both sides agree to implement the "Belt and Road Financing Guiding Principle" and promote cooperation on investment and financing under the Belt and Road Initiative. 

　　i. Both sides agree to encourage the development and policy financial institutions to play an active role, and to jointly promote China Development Bank, Export-Import Bank of China, Silk Road Fund, and the Department for International Development of UK to strengthen cooperation on development financing. 

　　ii. Both sides encourage financial institutions in the UK and China to explore commercial opportunities associated with the Belt and Road Initiative. Both sides welcome financial centres in both countries, including the City of London, Shanghai and Hong Kong, to play an active role in the Belt and Road Initiative.  

　　iii. Both sides agree to support companies of both countries to cooperate in third-country markets under the Belt and Road Initiative, and to share experiences. Both sides welcome China Africa Development Fund (CADF)and the Department for International Development of UK (DFID) to hold the China-Africa-UK Investment Forum jointly with China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) and International Trade Centre (ITC) in the last quarter of 2018 in China. 

　　iv. Both sides agree to encourage private investment in supporting the Belt and Road Initiative. Both sides agree to jointly conduct a research and feasibility study on a mechanism to help attract private capital investment into the Belt and Road. 

　　v. Both sides agree to encourage greater UK-China business to business engagement and encourage respective Embassies, commercial sections and business organizations to promote trilateral cooperation. 

　　vi. As agreed in the "Belt and Road Financing Guiding Principle", both sides underscore the need to strengthen the social and environmental impact assessment and risk management of projects, improve cooperation on energy conservation and environmental protection, fulfill social responsibilities, promote local employment and ensure sustainable economic and social development. Debt sustainability will also be taken into consideration in mobilizing finance. 

　　68. Both sides agree to deepen cooperation on the Belt and Road project identification, research and capacity building. 

　　i. Both sides continue to recognise the synergies between China’s Belt and Road Initiative and UK’s regional development strategies including the Northern Powerhouse and commit to work together to strengthen policy and projects collaboration. 

　　ii. The two sides will jointly identify the Belt and Road pilot projects and establish a mechanism to facilitate joint identification and evaluation of potential pilot projects in order to deliver concrete UK-China cooperation on Belt and Road infrastructure projects. 

　　iii. Both sides agree to conduct the Belt and Road research programmes, jointly and individually, and to exchange and share research results. The two sides will conduct research on the mechanism, approach, and selection criteria of pilot projects forthe Belt and Road project cooperation, focusing on major areas that the two sides can complement each other with their respective strength. The two sides will conduct policy research and capacity building on areas including project preparation, financing, risk management, standards to support the implementation of Belt and Road projects. 

　　69. China welcomes the announcement by UK Export Finance (UKEF) that it has capacity to support up to ?25bn of new business in support of projects along the Belt and Road in Asia. Both sides welcome further work between UKEF, Sinosure and other export agencies to consider and develop coinsurance or reinsurance structures for projects involving exporters from both countries. UKEF welcomes the opportunity to support potential investments by UK companies in the Belt and Road through Overseas Investment Insurance. Being an official export credit agency, the Export-Import Bank of China has long been dedicated to financing projects in infrastructure, energy, manufacturing and industrial capacity and can actively support cooperation in the international markets by companies of both sides in the future. 

　　70. Both sides welcome the proposal for a bi-lateral UK-China investment fund with an initial round of $1 billion USD. The Fund will be led by a number of institutions in the UK and China, with the involvement of former Prime Minister, The Rt Hon David Cameron, and will be established and operated on a commercial and market-orientated basis. It will invest in innovative, sustainable and consumption-driven growth opportunities in the UK, China and third markets to create employment and boost trade links, supporting the Belt and Road Initiative. 

　　71. Both parties encourage China Development Bank and the UK side to discuss the possibility of establishing investment funds to better promote the exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and British companies. 

　　72. UK private sector organisations including the City of London, China Britain Business Council, City UK and London & Partners will host a Belt and Road Forum in the UK in 2018 to profile the UK’s expertise as a global leader in infrastructure project structuring and financing for Belt and Road projects, and welcome the China side to participate.